Endocrinology and Diabetes

Endocrinology and Aging

Endocrinology and aging intersect in significant ways, as the endocrine system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and supporting the body's functions throughout life. As individuals age, the endocrine system undergoes natural changes that can impact metabolism, growth, mood, and overall health. Understanding these changes is vital for managing age-related conditions and promoting healthy aging. Levels of growth hormone and its mediator, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), decrease with age, contributing to reduced muscle mass, increased body fat, and decreased bone density. Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid, becomes more common with age and can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cognitive decline. The adrenal glands, which produce cortisol and other hormones, experience a decline in function known as adrenal insufficiency or adrenal fatigue, leading to lower energy levels and increased vulnerability to stress.In women, estrogen and progesterone levels drop during menopause, impacting reproductive health, bone density, cardiovascular health, and mood. In men, testosterone levels gradually decrease, potentially leading to symptoms like reduced libido, muscle loss, and mood changes.