Endocrinology and Diabetes

Reproductive Endocrinology in Male & Female

Female-Reproductive-Endocrinology:

Hormonal interaction between the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and ovaries regulates the female reproductive system. The hypothalamus secretes a small peptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, also known as luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone.

• Menstrual irregularity
• Heavy, light or absent menses
• Premenstrual syndrome
• Perimenopause
• Hormone replacement therapy.

Male-Reproductive-Endocrinology:

Men, whose testes produce abnormally low amounts of testosterone (hypogonadism), may receive testosterone replacement therapy. For some men, lower than normal testosterone produces no apparent effects; for others, effects of this condition may include:

• reduced sexual function, in terms of desire, erections and fertility;
• insomnia or other sleep problems;
• reduced muscle size and strength, more body fat and lower bone density;
• Emotional changes, such as less confidence and motivation, lower mood and difficulty in concentration and memory.